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　　山東通風管道作為建筑通風系統的核心部件，其制作流程需兼顧密封性、強度與適配性，從材料甄選到成型安裝，每個環節都影響著最終的通風效果。

　　As the core component of building ventilation systems, the production process of Shandong ventilation ducts needs to consider sealing, strength, and adaptability. From material selection to molding and installation, each link affects the final ventilation effect.

　　材料裁剪是制作的基礎環節。根據設計圖紙確定管道尺寸后，選用鍍鋅鋼板（厚度按風管尺寸匹配，一般直徑≤300mm 選用 0.5-0.8mm 厚鋼板，直徑較大時選 1.0-1.2mm），通過激光切割機或剪板機按標線精準裁剪。裁剪時需預留咬口余量（通常為 10-15mm），確保后續拼接嚴密。對于弧形或異形管道，需在鋼板上劃出折角線，用折邊機按角度彎折，折角誤差控制在 ±1° 內，保證管道弧度平滑。

　　Material cutting is the fundamental step in production. After determining the pipeline size according to the design drawings, galvanized steel plates are selected (with a thickness matched according to the size of the air duct, generally 0.5-0.8mm thick steel plates are selected for diameters ≤ 300mm, and 1.0-1.2mm for larger diameters), and accurately cut according to the markings using laser cutting machines or shearing machines. When cutting, it is necessary to reserve a bite allowance (usually 10-15mm) to ensure tight splicing in the future. For curved or irregular pipelines, it is necessary to draw corner lines on the steel plate and use a folding machine to bend them according to the angle. The bending error should be controlled within ± 1 ° to ensure smooth curvature of the pipeline.

　　咬口成型是保證密封性的關鍵。采用聯合角咬口或按扣式咬口工藝，將裁剪后的鋼板邊緣折成特定形狀，通過咬口機加壓使接口相互咬合。圓形風管多采用插接式咬口，矩形風管則用轉角咬口，咬口處需平整無褶皺，咬合深度均勻（一般為 8-10mm），避免因咬合不嚴導致漏風。對于高壓系統風管，咬口后還需在接口處涂抹密封膠，增強氣密性。

　　Bite forming is the key to ensuring sealing. Using joint corner biting or snap on biting technology, the edges of the cut steel plate are folded into a specific shape, and the interfaces are pressed together by a biting machine. Circular ducts often use plug-in bite points, while rectangular ducts use corner bite points. The bite points should be flat and wrinkle free, with a uniform depth of bite (usually 8-10mm), to avoid air leakage caused by loose bite points. For high-pressure system ducts, sealant should be applied at the interface after biting to enhance air tightness.

　　法蘭裝配決定管道連接的穩定性。按風管尺寸預制角鋼法蘭（角鋼規格根據風管尺寸選擇，如 300×200mm 風管配 L30×3 角鋼），用鉚釘將法蘭固定在風管端部，鉚釘間距控制在 100-150mm，且分布均勻。法蘭平面需與風管軸線垂直，偏差不超過 2mm，否則會導致安裝時接口錯位。安裝前檢查法蘭平整度，用直角尺校準，確保連接面緊密貼合。

　　Flange assembly determines the stability of pipeline connections. Prefabricate angle steel flanges according to the size of the air duct (angle steel specifications are selected according to the size of the air duct, such as L30 × 3 angle steel for 300 × 200mm air ducts), and fix the flanges at the end of the air duct with rivets. The rivet spacing should be controlled between 100-150mm and evenly distributed. The flange plane should be perpendicular to the axis of the air duct, with a deviation of no more than 2mm, otherwise it may cause interface misalignment during installation. Before installation, check the flatness of the flange and calibrate it with a square ruler to ensure that the connecting surface is tightly fitted.

　　管道加固針對長距離或大尺寸風管。當風管長度超過 10m 或直徑大于 800mm 時，需加裝加固筋（采用同材質鋼板條或角鋼），加固筋間距 1.5-2m，通過焊接或鉚接固定在風管外壁，增強抗風壓能力。對于矩形風管，可在內部加裝橫撐，防止風壓過大導致管壁變形，橫撐兩端與法蘭連接牢固，確保整體剛度。

　　Pipeline reinforcement is designed for long-distance or large-sized air ducts. When the length of the air duct exceeds 10 m or the diameter is greater than 800 mm, it is necessary to install reinforcement bars (steel plates or angle steels of the same material) with a spacing of 1.5-2 m, which are fixed on the outer wall of the air duct by welding or riveting to enhance the wind pressure resistance. For rectangular ducts, cross braces can be installed internally to prevent deformation of the duct wall caused by excessive wind pressure. The ends of the cross braces are firmly connected to the flanges to ensure overall rigidity.

　　密封與防腐處理提升耐用性。風管成型后，用密封膠封堵咬口縫、鉚釘孔等易漏點，膠層厚度均勻（0.5-1mm），固化后形成連續密封層。在潮濕環境使用的風管，需進行防腐處理：先清除表面油污銹跡，涂刷兩遍防銹漆，干燥后再涂面漆，漆膜厚度達 60-80μm，避免銹蝕影響使用壽命。

　　Sealing and anti-corrosion treatment enhance durability. After the air duct is formed, use sealant to seal the bite joints, rivet holes, and other easily leaking points. The adhesive layer should have a uniform thickness (0.5-1mm) and form a continuous sealing layer after curing. Ducts used in humid environments require anti-corrosion treatment: first remove surface oil and rust stains, apply two coats of anti rust paint, dry and then apply topcoat, with a film thickness of 60-80 μ m, to avoid rust affecting the service life.

　　質檢與安裝前調試不可或缺。對成型風管進行壓力測試，將風管兩端封堵后通入壓縮空氣（壓力 0.5-1.0kPa），30 分鐘內壓力下降不超過 5% 即為合格。檢查風管外觀，確保表面平整、無明顯變形，法蘭螺栓孔位置對應準確。最后按編號堆放，避免擠壓變形，為現場安裝做好準備。

　　Quality inspection and pre installation commissioning are indispensable. Perform pressure testing on the formed air duct, seal both ends of the duct and introduce compressed air (pressure 0.5-1.0kPa). If the pressure drops by no more than 5% within 30 minutes, it is considered qualified. Check the appearance of the air duct to ensure that the surface is flat, without obvious deformation, and that the flange bolt hole positions correspond accurately. Finally, stack them according to their numbers to avoid squeezing and deformation, and prepare for on-site installation.

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